中文摘要：

植物着丝点通常由形成 kinetochore 形成的一个复杂染色体地点的简单重复的双人脚踏车数组组成，微导管在有丝分裂和成熟分裂期间属于。每个染色体有一个着丝点区域，它为基因材料的精确分割是必要的。最近，包含二个着丝点区域(叫的 dicentric 染色体) 的染色体在玉米和小麦被发现了。有趣地，因为仅仅一个着丝点是活跃的，另一个被使失去活性，一些 dicentric 染色体是稳定的。因为如此的数组为活跃、不活跃的着丝点维持他们的典型结构，着丝点活动的说明有 DNA 顺序的一个 epigenetic 部件独立人士。在一些情形下面，不活跃的着丝点可以恢复着丝点功能，它被称为着丝点复活。最近的研究加亮重要变化，例如 DNA methylation 和 histone 修正，发生在着丝点 inactivation 和复活期间。

英文摘要：

Plant centromeres are generally composed of tandem arrays of simple repeats that form a complex chromosome locus where the kinetochore forms and microtubules attach during mitosis and meiosis. Each chromosome has one centromere region, which is essential for accurate division of the genetic material. Recently, chromosomes containing two centromere regions （called dicentric chromosomes） have been found in maize and wheat. Interestingly, some dicentric chromosomes are stable because only one centromere is active and the other one is inactivated. Because such arrays maintain their typical structure for both active and inactive centromeres, the specification of centromere activity has an epigenetic component independent of the DNA sequence. Under some circumstances, the inactive centromeres may recover centromere function, which is called centromere reactivation. Recent studies have highlighted the important changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, that occur during centromere inactivation and reactivation.