基于2511个农户入户抽样问卷调查和66位农业技术专家抽样问卷调查获得的数据,通过多元线性回归实证分析行业特性对农业生产专业化和横向分工的影响。结果发现:粮食生产的资本密集度最高,劳动密集度、技术密集度及经营难度最低;水果花卉的劳动密集度、技术密集度和经营难度最高;蔬菜生产的劳动密集度、资本密集度、技术密集度和经营难度都适中。行业的劳动密集度、资本密集度、技术密集度与农业生产专业化程度存在正相关关系;经营难度与农业生产专业化程度存在负相关关系。可见,在推进农业专业化发展的进程中,必须充分认清行业特性,根据不同农户的人力资本秉赋与不同行业农业生产专业化的特性关系,充分发挥比较优势,赢得比较效益。
Based on 2511 peasant households and 66 agricultural technologist questionnaire data, this paper analyzes the impact of industry characteristics on agricultural specialization and horizontal division by multivariate linear regression. The results are as follows: Grain production has high capital -intensity, low labor- intensity and technology -intensity; fruit and flower production has high labor -intensive, high technology - intensive but difficult operation; Labor - intensity, capital - intensity and technology - intensity of vegetable production are intercalated; Labor - intensity, capital - intensity and technology - intensity dis- play a positive correlation with specialization of agricultural production; Operative difficulty plays a negative role in the specialization. Therefore, to promote professional development of agriculture, different industry characteristics should be fully understood to make full use of comparative advantage and gain comparative benefits according to different farmers" human capital endowment and industry characteristics of agricultural oroduction soecialization.