中文摘要：

碳纳米管具有独特的结构和优异的性能，但其表面活性差、不溶于水和有机溶剂，极大地制约了碳纳米管的应用。介绍了碳纳米管共价功能化、非共价功能化、混杂功能化修饰方法，对比了各自的优缺点；综述了碳纳米管在聚合物基、金属基、陶瓷基复合材料中的作用机理和广泛应用，并对其进一步发展提出展望。高性能功能化修饰碳纳米管复合材料的开发和应用势必会越来越广。

英文摘要：

Carbon nanotubes have unique structure and excellent performance, but their surface activity and poor dispersion in water and organic solvents, greatly restricted the application of carbon nanotubes. The covalent functionalization, nowcovalent functionalization and mixed functionalization of carbon nanotubes are introduced, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. The functional mechanism and wide application of carbon nanotubes in polymer/metal/ceramic composite materials are summarized. The outlook for their further development is put forward. The exploitation and application of high performance functional carbon nanotube composite materials will become more and more extensive.