中文摘要：

空洞的位置、形状、大小以及地基土的类型等诸因素都会对浅基础的承载力和沉降产生影响。利用一系列的二维弹塑性有限元方法分析一个空洞存在时其位置对浅基础承载力与沉降的影响，并对其发生机制进行研究。研究结果表明：空洞对浅基础承载力与沉降的影响存在一个极限范围。只有当空洞存在于这个影响极限范围之内时，空洞的存在才会显著地影响基础的承载力和沉降。另外，基于有限元量化分析结果，还提出一个简单实用的浅基础承载力的空洞影响效果计算方法。

英文摘要：

Several factors, such as the void location and the void shape, affect the beating capacity behavior of shallow foundation. The cavity effect on the bearing capacity of strip foundation above a void is investigated analytically by using the elastoplastic 2D FEM. The relation between load and settlement of shallow foundation is analyzed for different conditions of the void： and the failure mechanism of ground is also examined. The analytical results indicate that there is a critical effect region for the void under the shallow foundation. Only when the void is located within this region, the beating capacity and settlement of strip foundation vary considerably with the void location. In addition, based on the above finite element results, a simple calculation method is proposed for the cavity effect on the bearing capacity of strip foundation.