在米饭生产的差的氮使用效率是在中国的一个关键问题。地点特定的 N 管理(SSNM ) 象即时 N 管理(RTNM ) 和改正时间那样可调节剂量的 N 管理(FTNM ) 改进灌溉米饭的 fertilizer-N 使用效率。这研究被瞄准在谷物产量上在与杀真菌剂和没有杀真菌剂申请条件下面比较不同的氮(N)率和申请方法( FFP , SSNM ,和 RTNM 方法),收益部件,太阳的放射使用效率(后悔),农学氮的使用效率( AEN ),并且鞘老家疾病紧张。领域实验在 Liuyang 县被执行,湖南省,中国,在 2006 和 2007 期间。超级混合米饭 Liangyou 293 (LY293 ) 被用作试验性的材料。结果证明 RTNM 和 SSNM 为没有牺牲谷物收益,改进农学氮的使用效率有大潜力。处于轻拦截率,鞘老家疾病发生(DI ) 和疾病索引(ShBI ) 有重要差别,并且在不同的氮管理方法之中总计干燥物质。放射使用效率在应用 N 的某个水平被增加。但是,收获索引(嗨) 随应用 N 的增加减少了。在产量和应用 N 评估的谷物之间有一种二次的曲线关系。与一样的 N 化肥率,不同 fertilizer-N 申请方法影响了 RUE 和谷物产量。杀真菌剂申请不仅改进了华盖光拦截率,后悔,充满的谷物,和收获索引,而且减少了鞘老家疾病的度。在 SPAD 阀值价值下面的 RTNM 的处理 40 获得了最高的收益。当 SSNM 的治疗导致了农学的效率和更高的米饭产出的最高的氮,并且减少时鞘老家疾病的群袭戏剧性地也。在米饭的氮申请政体和疾病控制在轻拦截率上引起了明显的效果,后悔,并且嗨。最佳的 N 率是有用的得到更高轻的拦截率,后悔,并且嗨。有杀真菌剂申请的疾病控制减少了并且在米饭收益形成上推迟了高 N 的否定效果。在合适的 SPAD 阀值下面的 SSNM 和 RTNM 与高效率珍视获得的 highyield 并且能在米饭生产减轻环境污染。
Poor nitrogen use efficiency in rice production is a critical issue in China. Site-specific N managements (SSNM) such as real-time N management (RTNM) and fixed-time adjustable-dose N management (FTNM) improve fertilizer-N use efficiency of irrigated rice. This study was aimed to compare the different nitrogen (N) rates and application methods (FFP, SSNM, and RTNM methods) under with- and without-fungicide application conditions on grain yield, yield components, solar radiation use efficiency (RUE), agronomic-nitrogen use efficiency (AEN), and sheath blight disease intensity. Field experiments were carried out at Liuyang County, Hunan Province, China, during 2006 and 2007. A super hybrid rice Liangyou 293 (LY293) was used as experimental material. The results showed that RTNM and SSNM have great potential for improving agronomic-nitrogen use efficiency without sacrificing the grain yield. There were significant differences in light interception rate, sheath blight disease incidence (DI) and the disease index (ShBI), and total dry matter among the different nitrogen management methods. The radiation use efficiency was increased in a certain level of applied N. But, the harvest index (HI) decreased with the increase in applied N. There is a quadratic curve relationship between grain yield and applied N rates. With the same N fertilizer rate, different fertilizer-N application methods affected the RUE and grain yield. The fungicide application not only improved the canopy light interception rate, RUE, grain filling, and harvest index, but also reduced the degree of sheath blight disease. The treatment of RTNM under the SPAD threshold value 40 obtained the highest yield. While the treatment of SSNM led to the highest nitrogen agronomic efficiency and higher rice yield, and decreased the infestation of sheath blight disease dramatically as well. Nitrogen application regimes and diseases control in rice caused obvious effects on light interception rate, RUE, and HI. Optimal N