中文摘要：

我国喀斯特洞穴鱼类物种多样性极为丰富,到目前为止,我国已发现喀斯特典型洞穴鱼类48种。喀斯特洞穴鱼类研究是喀斯特洞穴生物学研究的重要组成部分。阐述了我国喀斯特洞穴鱼类的生态类型,其中以赵亚辉、张春光为代表的生态类型划分较为成熟,将喀斯特洞穴鱼类分为典型洞穴鱼类、非典型洞穴鱼类和偶入洞穴鱼类3种类型。总结了我国喀斯特洞穴鱼类具有种类多、类群集中、分布区域狭窄和种群数量少等特点;分析了我国喀斯特洞穴鱼类适应特殊的洞穴环境而演变形成的适应性特征,这些特征主要表现在视觉器官、侧线器官、头部结构、体表鳞片、鳍和体色等方面。最后,对我国喀斯特洞穴鱼类进行了科学价值和社会价值两方面的评价,并提出了合理开发利用和保护的建议。

英文摘要：

A total of 48 species of fishes had been identified to live in the Karst cave in China so far.The concept and ecological types of the Karst cave fishes in China were elaborated in this paper.According to Ya-hui Zhao and Chun-guang Zhang,the Karst cave fishes in China were divided into 3 ecological types respectively,incluing typical cave fishes,atypical cave fishes and casual cave fishes.Also,the characteristics of Karst cave fishes in China were summarized,and the morphological characters of these fishes were analyzed.The Karst cave fishes in China belong only to 2 genera in cyprinidae but show high species diversity,and each of these fishes has a small population with a narrow distributional area in China.The Karst cave fishes in China were characterized by their special eyes,lateral line organs,fins,scales,body colour and organs on their head which were originated from their adaption to the environment in the Karst cave.Finally,the scientific and social value of the Karst cave fishes in China were evaluated,and the strategy of utilization and protection of these species were discussed.