中文摘要：

三维石墨烯结构体不仅继承了二维石墨烯片完美的碳晶体结构，还展现出超低的密度、极高的孔隙率和较大的比表面积等特点，具有导电、导热、吸附等优异性能，是近年来石墨烯功能材料中的一颗新星。目前，石墨烯与聚合物、无机纳米材料组装成三维结构复合材料的研究已经取得了实质性进展，研究者通过丰富的化学和物理路径实现了石墨烯与功能组分的三维有序组装，并赋予该材料奇特的结构特点和性能优势。这些特性使材料在能量储存、环境保护、传感器等研究领域表现出不错的应用前景。根据当前研究热点，综述了石墨烯基复合材料的三维组装与应用的研究进展，包括三维石墨烯／聚合物复合材料与三维石墨烯／无机纳米复合材料两种体系。重点总结了两种体系的三维组装方法，并分析了复合材料中石墨烯与功能组分的结构特点，简要概括了当前三维石墨烯基复合材料在环境保护、超级电容器等不同领域的应用进展，并对三维石墨烯基复合材料的三维结构设计与多样化应用进行了展望。

英文摘要：

3D graphene materials not only inherits perfect carbon crystal structure of 2D graphene sheet, but also shows unique structural characteristics, including ultra-low density, high porosity, large specific surface area, and so forth. 3D graphene has become a new star in functional materials field in recent years because of its excellent performance involving electrical, thermal, and adsorption properties. At present, the studies of 3D graphene-based polymer composites or 3D graphene/inorganic nano composites have made a substantial progress. Researchers have realized 3D well-aligned and controlled assembly between graphene and functional component via abundant physical and chemical route. With the unique structure and excellent performance, 3D graphene- based composites show great potential in energy storage, environmental protection, sensor, etc, This article reviews recent progress in preparation and application of 3D graphene-based composites, involving the 3D graphene/polymer composites system and the 3D graphene/inorganie nano composites system. 3D assembly methods of the two systems are summarized, and the structural features of the composites are analyzed. The application progress of 3D graphene-based composites is briefly introduced. Finally, the development prospect of 3D structure design and diverse applications in the future are also proposed.