中文摘要：

采用改进的一步还原法合成了多种海胆状金纳米粒子,并对它们的表面增强喇曼散射特性与其表面形貌的关系进行了实验研究.实验表明,合成的海胆状金纳米粒子的直径及表面的尖刺大小可以通过改变加入到氯金酸溶液中的硝酸银的量来调节.当加入到氯金酸溶液中的硝酸银为1μL时,合成的海胆状金纳米粒子的直径最小而尖刺最长.同时测量的紫外-可见-近红外吸收光谱表明,海胆状金纳米粒子的局域表面等离子体共振带会随着加入到氯金酸溶液中的硝酸银量的增加而变宽.此外,通过喇曼标记分子对巯基苯甲酸（4MBA）的喇曼光谱测量发现,较小直径和较长尖刺的海胆状金纳米粒子具有更强的表面增强喇曼散射活性.

英文摘要：

A modified one-step reduction method was reported to synthesize the Sea Urchin-like Gold Nanoparticles（SU-GNPs）,and the Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering（SERS）characteristics of the SU-GNPs dependent on their surface morphology were experimentally studied.Experimental results shown that,the diameters and the thorn sizes of the SU-GNPs can be changed by adjusting the amount of silver nitrate aqueous solution added into hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate aqueous solution.When the added amount of silver nitrate was 1μL,the as-prepared SU-GNPs had the longest thorns and the smallest diameter.And the measured UV-vis-NIR spectra exhibited that the localized surface plasmon resonance bands of the SU-GNPs were broaden with increasing of the added amount of silver nitrate.In addition,the effect of surface morphology on the SERS of SU-GNPs was investigated by using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as a Raman reporter molecule.The results demonstrated that the SU-GNPs with smaller diameters and longer thorns gave rise to a stronger SERS enhancement.