中文摘要：

以纳米碳酸钙为模版剂,以精制煤沥青为包覆材料,通过对其炭化、去模板剂和活化处理,制得了沥青基炭材料。实验选用苯酚为吸附质,研究了制备过程对所制炭材料吸附性的影响、吸附过程遵循的吸附规律以及吸附热力学变化规律。结果表明,在相同活化条件下,未经模板剂碳酸钙处理的煤沥青得到的炭材料对苯酚的吸附量为1.9 mmol/g,而由碳酸钙与沥青质量比为1∶2所制备的炭材料,吸附量可达2.49 mmol/g。即使用模板剂后炭材料吸附量提高了31%;进一步对苯酚等温吸附规律的研究表明,其吸附过程符合Freundlich方程;吸附热力学分析表明,吸附热在35.9～50.8 kJ/mol,属于典型的物理吸附过程,其研究为煤沥青的利用提供了一条新的途径。

英文摘要：

In order to obtain a high absorptive pitch-based carbon material,the combination of template and chemical activation has been used to prepare functional absorptive carbon material. The nano calcium carbonate was chosen as a template and potassium hydroxide as an activation agent. With phenol as a adsorbate to estimate the adsorptivity of the carbon material. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the carbon material was affected by the proportion of template to coal tar pitch. It reaches 2. 49 mmol /g when the mass ratio of calcium carbonate to pitch was 1∶ 2. At the same condition,the adsorption capacity of the carbon material prepared by pitch alone was only 1. 9 mmol /g. It increases by31% comparing with usage of the template. Further analysis shows that the adsorption process accords with the Freundlich equation. And its adsorption heat was between 35. 9-50. 8 kJ /mol,which indicates that it belongs to the typical physical absorption. The research provides a new choice for utilizing coal tar pitch.