中文摘要：

糖尿病是危害人类健康的全球性重大疾病，胰岛素抵抗是诱发2型糖尿病的重要因素。微量必需元素硒与人体健康密切相关，通过硒蛋白发挥多种重要生物学功能。近年来硒与糖尿病的关系引人关注，早期研究表明硒具有类胰岛素作用，可望用于防治糖尿病，但近来的人群试验和动物研究却表明硒在糖尿病发生发展中的作用具有两面性，长期补充一定剂量的硒反而增加了胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的发病率。而且，硒在糖尿病发生发展中的两面性被证实与几种硒蛋白密切相关，包括谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶l（GPxl）、硒蛋白S（selS）和硒蛋白P（SelP）等。本文结合本课题组的工作介绍了硒在糖尿病中的两面性以及硒蛋白在糖尿病发生发展中的作用，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases affecting human health in the world, and insulin resistance has been recognized as an important contributor to the generation of type 2 diabetes, accounting for 90% of diabetes. Selenium, an essential trace element in human nutrition, is closely related to human health through incorporation into selenoproteins which have a wide range of important biological functions. In recent years the studies focusing on the relationship between selenium and diabetes have attracted much attention. Earlier studies showed that selenium has insulin-like effects, and thus may be promising in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. However, recent human trials and animal studies provided evidence that selenium plays a dual role in the initiation and development of diabetes, and long-term selenium supplementation unexpectedly increases the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the dual effect of selenium in the initiation and development of diabetes might be associated with a variety of selenoproteins, such as glutathione peroxidase 1 （GPxl）, selenoprotein S （SelS） and selenoprotein P （SelP）. This review summarizes the dual effect of selenium in diabetes, and the roles of selenoproteins in the initiation and development of diabetes. The prospect of this field is addressed as well.