中文摘要：

采用制备型电泳体系在高浓度的尿素存在下进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离水溶性腐植酸中的不同成分。在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳中,根据水溶性腐植酸中深色成分分子大小的不同能够将它们彼此分离开来,同时还可以通过酸沉淀的方法将这些深色物质重新回收。水溶性腐植酸中大部分的荧光物质分子尺寸都很小,这使得它们可以溶于酸,并且被酸溶解的荧光物质可以通过吸附在DAX-8树脂上而重新获得。但是,水溶性腐植酸中的非荧光物质则会在电泳过程中丢失。而那些被认为是小分子的荧光物质则会通过氢键的断裂和7 M尿素的疏水作用得到分离。漫反射傅里叶变换红外光谱的测量结果表明腐植酸中不同成分的化学性质是不同的。而实验结果表明在高浓度尿素存在下聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳是分离和收集水溶性腐植酸中各组分的一种很有用的方法。

英文摘要：

To separate Humic Acid（HAs） into their constituents, Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis（PAGE） was carried out in the presence of 7 M urea using a preparative electrophoresis system. Upon PAGE the dark-colored constituents of HAs were separated by their molecular sizes and recovered by precipitation with acid. Considerable parts of the fl uorescent constituents of HAs with the lowest molecular size were rendered soluble in acid and the acid soluble fl uorescent constituents were recovered by adsorption onto DAX-8 resin. However, the colorless constituents of HAs were lost during the electrophoresis. These constituents were considered as the low molecular sizes constituents separated due to disruption of the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction by 7 M urea. The measurement of diffuse refl ection infrared Fourier transform spectra indicated that the chemical properties of HA constituents were different from each other. The results show that preparative PAGE in the presence of concentrated urea is a useful method for fractionating and collecting the constituents of HAs.