目的探讨多发性骨髓瘤(MM)6种常见细胞遗传学异常对预后的影响。方法对532例初诊MM患者通过CD138免疫磁珠富集骨髓瘤细胞,采用间期荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术对13q-、17p-、1q+、t(4;14)、t(11;14)和t(14;16)等MM常见遗传学异常进行检测,比较不同遗传学异常对预后的影响。结果532例患者中,细胞遗传学异常检出率为78.20%(416/532),其中13q-的检出率为42.29%(225/532),17p-为16.35%(87/532),1q+为53.38%(284/532),t(4;14)为25.94%(138/532),t(11;14)为21.62%(115/532),t(14;16)为2.07%(11/532)。将6种细胞遗传学异常进行相关性分析,得出13q-与17p-、1q+、t(4;14)、t(14;16)的发生均相关(P值均〈0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,13q-、1q+、t(4;14)和t(14;16)对患者无进展生存(PFS)有明显影响,13q-、17p-、t(4;14)和t(14;16)对患者总生存(os)有明显影响。多因素分析结果显示,1q+、t(4;14)和t(14;16)是影响患者PFS的独立预后不良因素,17p-、t(4;14)和t(14;16)是影响患者os的独立预后不良因素。将患者根据所伴有的独立预后不良因素的数量进行分组,伴有0、1、2、3个独立预后不良因素的患者中位PFS时间分别为30.9、28.4、18.7、17.6个月(P=0.035),中位OS分别为54.4、46.1、38.0、21.2个月(P=0.004)。结论1q+、17p-、t(4;14)和t(14;16)是影响MM患者生存的独立预后不良因素;13q-的发生常伴随着17p-、1q+和(或)t(4;14),单纯13q-不是独立预后因素;伴有的独立预后不良因素数量越多,患者预后越差。
Objective To explore the effect of 6 common cytogenetic abnormalities on the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM). Methods Myeloma cells from a cohort of 532 newly-diagnosed MM patients enrolled were enriched by CD138 immunomagnetic beads, then detected 13q-, 17p-, 1q+, t (4;14), t (11;14) and t (14;16) and other common genetic abnormalities in MM by using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique to compare the influence of different genetic abnormalities on their prognoses. Results The rate of cytogenetic abnormalities was 78.20% (416/532) in 532 patients, of which 13q- accounted for 42.29% (225/532), 17p- 16.35% (87/532), 1q+ 53.38% (284/532), t(4;14) 25.94% (138/532), t(11;14) 21.62% (115/532), t(14;16) 2.07% (11/532). Six kinds of cytogenetic abnormalities were analyzed, 13q- and 17p-, 1q+, t(4; 14), t(14;16) were all correlated (P〈0.05). The univariate analysis indicated that 13q-, 1q+, t (4;14) and t (14;16) had a significant effect on progression-free survival (PFS), 13q-, 17p-, t (4;14) and t (14;16) had a marked influence on overall survival (OS). The multivariate analysis showed that 1q+, t(4;14) and t(14;16) were independent adverse factors of PFS, 17p-, t(4;14) and t(14;16) were independent unfavorable factors of OS. According to the independent prognosis factors number-based groups, the median PFS with 0, 1, 2, 3 independent prognosis factors of patients were 30.9, 28.4, 18.7 and 17.6 months (P= 0.035) respectively, and the median OS were 54.4, 46.1, 38.0 and 21.2 months (P = 0.004) respectively. Conclusion 1q+,17p-, t (4; 14 ) and t ( 14; 16) were independent prognostic factors affecting the survival of MM patients. 13q- is often accompanied by 17p-, 1q + and (or) t (4;14), simply 13q- was not an independent prognostic factor; the more number of independent prognostic factors, the worse the prognosis of patients.