中文摘要：

利用地面和高空常规观测资料以及NCEP／NCAR 1°×1°再分析数据，对受昆明准静止锋影响下的3次寒潮降水天气过程的环流形势、准静止锋维持和生消及降水相态变化等方面进行对比分析．结果表明：东亚中高纬地区500 hPa东亚槽的建立及槽后贝加尔湖至乌拉尔山高压脊的维持和发展，是云南寒潮天气发生的典型环流形势；中高纬环流阻塞形势的存在与否对寒潮过程中准静止锋的维持与生消有直接关系，若阻塞形势不存在或维持，寒潮天气过程的开始和结束由静止锋的移动和位置引起．伴有水汽配合时，降水的相态取决于冷空气的强度和当地的海拔高度．0℃层高度（no）260dagpm和500hPa与700hPa的位势高度差（H500-700）≤261 dagpm与雨雪区有较好的对应关系，可作为判断降水相态的指标；由于云南地形复杂，地形高度落差较大，低海拔地区使用H0和H500-700指标判断降水相态时，需要根据本地海拔高度进行订正．

英文摘要：

Using the ground and conventional radiosonde data and NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°reanalysis data, three typical cold precipitation process influenced by Kunming quasi-stationary front were comparative analyzed in the circulation situation, the quasi stationary front to maintain and dissipation, the precipitation phase changes andother aspects.The results showed that in the high latitudes at 500 hPa, the establishment of East Asian Trough and development of ridge behind trough in Baikal Lake to Ural were typical circulation situation occurred cold wave weather in Yunnan.In the high latitude circulation, blocking situation in the presence or absence had a direct re- lationship in maintaining and dissipation quasi-stationary in the process of cold wave weather. If there was no blocking situation or maintaining, the beginning and the end of the cold weather process was caused by quasi-sta- tionary front westward and back.Accompanied by water vapor condition, precipitation phase was depended on cold air strength and local altitude.The critical judgment indicators of precipitation phase ,which were 0 ℃ layer height （H0） was less than or equal to 260 dagpm and potential height difference between 500 hPa and 700 hPa （H500-700 ）was less than or equal to 261 dagpm had good corresponding relationship with snow area.Due to Yun- nan complex terrain, Ho andH500-700 were used in low altitude areas to judge precipitation phase, according to the needs of the local altitude correction.