中文摘要：

【目的】研究生物炭与秸秆添加对砂姜黑土团聚体组成、稳定性以及不同粒级团聚体有机碳分布的影响,为砂姜黑土黏板障碍因子改良和合理培肥制度建立提供科学依据。【方法】在光照培养室内用砂姜黑土进行的培养试验,试验设置4个处理：对照（不施有机物料,CK）、单施生物炭（5%生物炭,B）、单施秸秆（1.5%玉米秸秆,S）和生物炭与秸秆配施（5%生物炭＋1.5%的玉米秸秆,BS）。培养6个月后采集土壤样品,利用湿筛法得到不同粒级的土壤水稳性团聚体,测定各粒级土壤团聚体有机碳含量。【结果】不同有机物料处理对〉2 mm团聚体含量影响较大,其中施用秸秆显著提高了该粒级团聚体含量。单施生物炭有利于0.053—0.25 mm粒级团聚体含量的增加;施用秸秆有利于0.5—2 mm团聚体含量的增加,较对照显著增加14%—68%。单施生物炭对平均重量直径（MWD）、几何平均直径（GMD）和大于0.25 mm团聚体含量（R0.25）无显著影响,单施秸秆和生物炭与秸秆配施则显著提高了MWD、GMD和R0.25。同时,各有机物料施用都显著降低了团聚体分形维数（D）。与对照相比,各有机物料处理土壤有机碳含量都显著提高,其中生物炭与秸秆配施处理含量最高,较对照提高了160%。各有机物料处理不同粒级团聚体中有机碳含量也显著提高,与对照相比,各粒级有机碳含量提高了54%—353%。随土壤粒径的增大,添加生物炭处理不同粒级团聚体有机碳含量分布呈现＂V＂型趋势,单施秸秆处理呈逐渐增加趋势。大团聚体有机碳的贡献率为S处理〉BS处理〉CK处理〉B处理,微团聚体则表现出相反的规律。0.5—1 mm粒级团聚体对土壤有机碳的贡献率最大,为6%—33%。【结论】单施生物炭对土壤水稳性大团聚体含量和团聚体稳定性的影响不显著,而生物炭与秸秆配施不仅能提高土壤大团聚体含量,增加土壤团聚体?

英文摘要：

【Objective】The influences of biochar and straw additions on lime concretion black soil water-stable aggregate composition and organic carbon distribution were studied.【Method】A six-month incubation experiment was conducted here.The experiment included four treatments： CK（no additional materials）,B（biochar addition alone）,S（straw addition alone） and BS（combined biochar and straw addition）.All samples were separated into six aggregate-size classes（〉2 mm,1-2 mm,0.5-1 mm,0.25-0.5 mm,0.053-0.25 mm and 〈0.053 mm） by wet sieving.Organic carbon contents of the aggregates were determined.【Result】Compared with CK,biochar application did not change aggregate 〉2 mm fraction,while application of straw significantly increased the amount of 2 mm aggregate.Among all aggregates,application of biochar alone significantly increased the amount of size 0.053-0.25 mm,while straw significantly increased the fraction of 0.5-2 mm by 14%-68%.At the same time,B treatment had no significant influence on mean weight diameter（MWD）,geometric mean diameter（GMD） and the contents of macro-aggregates（R0.25）,while MWD,GMD and R0.25 of S and BS treatments were significantly increased and the fractal dimension（D） of all treatments were extremely lower than CK.In addition,all organic material treatments significantly increased the organic carbon content,among which BS was the highest by 160%,and the content of organic carbon at all levels of aggregate sizes were also highly increased by 54%-353%,as compared with CK treatment.Meanwhile,with the increment of the soil particle-size,it showed the V trend under biochar and the go-up tendency under straw alone on the distribution of organic carbon in aggregates.As for the contributing rates of aggregates to soil organic carbon,the trend of macro-aggregate was S 〉BS 〉CK〉 B,while micro-aggregate had the contrary tendency,and aggregates 0.5-1 mm in size were greater than other aggregate size by 6%-33%.【Conclusion】 Applying biochar alone could no