中文摘要：

我国黄海绿潮每年周期性暴发,不仅对江苏、山东沿岸海洋生态环境和生态服务功能造成严重破坏,同时也产生巨大经济损失。针对绿潮漂移至北黄海后迅速消亡的实际情况,采用卫星遥感监测、海上监测、室内实验等手段,对2014年青岛海区绿潮漂移过程、分布海域、覆盖面积动态变化、生长速率和藻体生理特征等方面进行了系统的研究,初步探究总结了黄海绿潮藻衰亡规律。结果显示：5月底绿潮开始影响青岛海区,6月至7月中上旬,绿潮影响规模不断扩大,达到峰值后,覆盖面积逐渐减小,直至8月中旬,青岛及周边海区的漂浮藻体逐渐消失;2014年7月青岛海区围隔实验显示,藻体生物量日生长率仅2%/d左右,偶尔出现负增长现象;海区漂浮藻体呈浅绿或黄绿色,部分发白,藻体多为囊状、管状和褶皱状,藻体细胞间隔增大,部分细胞出现颗粒化,并且少量藻体出现生殖细胞放散等现象,且藻体荧光活性均小于0.52,叶绿素含量普遍偏低,约0.3 mg/g左右,以上现象表明青岛海区漂浮藻体已处于退化衰亡状态。本研究为阐释黄海绿潮消亡机制提供理论依据,为今后绿潮灾害防控工作提供支撑。

英文摘要：

The macroalgal blooms have occurred in the Yellow Sea every year since 2007,resulting in environmental damage and huge economic losses. According to the monitor data in the field,we found the green tide disappeared in the Qingdao Sea area. In this paper,we used the satellite remote sensing,marine surveillance and laboratory experiments to explain the drifting process,the dynamic change of coverage areas and the floating macroalgal physiological characteristics along the coast of Qingdao in 2014. The results showed that the green tide began to affect Qingdao coast at the late May; from mid-June to the early July,the impacted area of the macroalgal blooms expanded quickly and reached its peak value; afterwards,the blooms decreased gradually. In-situ mesocosm experiments showed that the growth rate of algae biomass was about2% / d,the floating algae were of light green or yellow,partly white. Most of the Ulva species had the structure of sacs,some were tubular and pleated. The intervals of the macroalgal cells increased and a part of them presented granulation. The fluorescence activity of Ulva algae in the Qingdao sea area was less than0. 52,and the chlorophyll content was low,about 0. 3 mg / g. This study showed that the floating Ulva macroalgae were in a stage of degradation.