中文摘要：

利用溶胶凝胶和氢气还原的方法合成出Fe/SnO2纳米颗粒。通过催化裂解乙炔的方法,可在该纳米颗粒表面合成出高产率、高选择性的碳纳米纤维。研究表明温度对所合成碳纳米纤维的产率、尺寸和微结构有着很大的影响。获得了超高的碳纳米纤维的产率（278和445）,并且所合成的碳纳米纤维材料表现出较好的微波吸收性能。在15.29 GHz处,样品的反射损耗达到最小,其数值约为-7.28 dB,且可在3.90~18 GHz内获得低于-5 dB的反射损耗值。因此,提出了一个简单、环境友好的碳纳米纤维超高产合成路径,该路径有利于该材料的广泛使用。

英文摘要：

Over Fe/SnO2 nanoparticles generated by a combined sol-gel and hydrogen reduction method, the high selectivity of carbon nanofibers （CNFs） were synthesized in large quantities through the catalytic decomposition of acetylene. The studies demonstrate that the temperature has a great impact on the yield, dimension and microstructure of the as-synthesized CNFs. And the ultrahigh yields （278 and 445） of the CNFs were obtained. Moreover, the as-synthesized CNF mate-rial exhibits good microwave absorption properties. The minimum reflection loss （RL） of the obtained sample is about - 7.28 dB at 15.29 GHz, and the RL below - 5 dB can be obtained in 3.90 - 18 GHz. Therefore, a simple and environment-friendly route was proposed for the synthesis of the CNFs in ultrahigh yield. The route benefits a wide use of the material.