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中文摘要：
采用常规分离培养和琼脂块拮抗性测定法，研究了西北旱作农业区不同覆盖条件和根系对玉米田土壤中拮抗性放线菌分布的影响。结果表明：（1）玉米田土壤拮抗性放线菌比率随覆盖方式而异。在GA培养基上，休闲和覆膜模式高于常规对照，覆草和补灌条件下较低；在SDSA培养基上，覆盖（覆膜和覆草）和休闲模式高于常规对照。（2）玉米根系生长和分泌物对拮抗性放线菌比率有显著影响。覆膜处理中，玉米根系可使抗细菌、抗真菌拮抗菌比率较根外分别降低59.7%、45.2%；覆草处理中，玉米根系可使抗细菌及抗真菌拮抗菌比率较根外分别提高84.5%及106.4%；种植玉米后，拮抗菌比率低于休闲土壤。（3）多重比较结果显示，玉米根系对拮抗性放线菌比率的影响大于栽培模式的影响。
英文摘要：
Distribution of antagonistic actinomycetes on different mulching models and maize root in China＇ s Northwest dry farming area was studied by the method of normal isolating and agar block. The results indicated that： （1） The percentage of antagonistic actinomycetes was different with mulching models in maize field. It was higher under the fallow and plastic film mulching models than conventional comparison and straw mulching and supplemental irrigation was the lowest on GA. On SDSA, it was higher under mulching （plastic film mulching and straw mulching） than conventional comparison. （2） The percentage of antagonistic actinomycetes was remarkably affected by the growth and secretion of maize root. In maize rhisophere, maize root reduced the percentage of antibacterial and antifungal by 59.7 % and 45.2 % compared with maize bulk soil under plastic film mulching. But under straw mulching, maize root increased the percentage of antibacterial and antifungal by 84.5 % and 106.4 % compared with maize bulk soil. And after planting maize, the percentage of soil antagonistic actinomycetes was under that of fallow field. （3） Multiplex comparison showed that the impact of maize root to be antagonistic actinomycetes ratio was greater than cultural patterns.
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