中文摘要：

随着激光技术的飞速发展，实验室中所能获得的电磁场强度得到了极大的提高，从而使得强外场下真空衰变产生正反粒子对问题再次成为研究热点。不同形状外场下粒子对产生问题的理论研究不但可以加深人们对粒子对产生过程的理解，而且有助于指导实验验证真空对产生。本文主要介绍了包括我们近期的工作在内的超强场下真空产生正负电子对的动理学方法研究及其进展。用量子动理学方法研究真空对产生问题有很多优点：不但可以得到产生粒子的数密度，而且能给出产生粒子的相空间信息；此外，还可以处理任意复杂场下的粒子对产生问题，深入研究粒子对产生的物理机制。量子动理学方法也许是探究真实激光场下真空对产生问题的最佳选择之一，有望指导实验首次验证纯光直接转化为物质的过程。

英文摘要：

With the rapid development of laser technology, the maximum electromagnetic field intensity in the laboratory has been enhanced greatly, thereby vacuum decaying into particle-antiparticle pairs in strong external fields becomes a research hotspot again. The theoretical investigation of pair production in external fields with different shapes can not only deepen the understanding of pair creation process, but also be helpful for guiding the experimental verification of vacuum pair production. This paper mainly introduces the research and progress of vacuum electron- positron pair production in ultra-intense fields studied by kinetic method, which also includes our recent works. Using the quantum kinetic method to study vacuum pair production has many advantages. It can not only give the number density of created pairs, but also show the phase space information. Furthermore, it can also be used to study pair creation in arbitrarily complex fields and investigate the physics mechanism of pair production. The quantum kinetic method may be one of the best choice to explore vacuum pair production in realistic laser fields and is expected to guide the experiments to verify that light can be directly changed into matter.