中文摘要：

目的探讨单胺氧化酶基因30bp—VNTR（MAOA—uVNTR）多态性对中国汉族注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿智商的影响。方法对1999年9月至2003年10月在北京大学精神卫生研究所门诊就诊、符合美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（4版）》（DSM—Ⅳ）诊断标准的333例中国汉族ADHD患儿使用中国一韦氏儿童智力量表评定智商。并检测MAOA—uVNTR多态性。按照基因型将样本分为低活性基因型组和高活性基因型组，比较两组间智商（包括总智商、言语智商、操作智商）差异，并对影响智力的相关因素进行多元线性回归分析。结果单因素分析结果显示，影响ADHD患儿智商的因素有MAOA—uVNTR多态性和父亲文化程度，其中低活性基因型组患儿总智商、言语智商和操作智商得分明显高于高活性基因型组，差异均有统计学意义（P值分别为0．006、0．011和0．042）。本科及以上文化程度父母其子女智商最高，高中（中专大专）次之，初中及以下者最低。父亲文化程度对患儿总智商、言语智商及操作智商等的影响差异均有统计学意义（P值分别为0．015、0．048和0．040）；母亲文化程度对患儿总智商影响差异有统计学意义（P=0．033）。经多因素分析，只有MAOA—uVNTR基因型进入回归方程，对患儿的总智商产生影响（P=0．021）。结论MAOA—uVNTR多态性与ADHD患儿智商相关。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the impact of MAOA 30bp-VNTR （MAOA-uVNTR） on intelligence quotient of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD） in China. Methods A total of 333 DSM-Ⅳ ADHD of Chinese Han descents were included ;both complete IQ evaluation and MAOA-uVNTR genotyping results were obtained. The quantitative traits of psychometric IQ were calculated by using the Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children （ C- WISC）. The two-sample t test was used to compare the average scores （ including the Full Scale IQ, Verbal Scale IQ, and Performance Scale IQ） among two groups defined by MAOA-uVNTR genotypes. The multifactor linear regression analysis was used to test the affecting factors on IQ. Results Through the single factor analysis, the influential factors on IQ included the genotype of MAOA-uVNTR and educated level of fathers. Analyses of t test revealed that low enzymatic activity patients performed significiantly better on all aspects of C-WISC test than did high enzymatic activity patients. The parents with higher education level had children with higher scores of IQ. Father＇ s education level would contribute to both the Full Scale IQ, Verbal Scale IQ, and Performance Scale IQ（ P = 0. 015,0. 048 and 0. 040）. Through the muhifactor linear regression analysis, only the genotype of MAOA was the major factor which influenced IQ of children （P = 0. 021 ） . The genotype of MAOA might have effect on Full Scale IQ . Conclusion Our results suggested that MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism may be related to the intelligence of ADHI） patients in China. To confirm our findings further studies with a larger number of subjects are needed.