中文摘要：

利用下垫面均一的美国最大农业种植区已有高塔CO2浓度观测资料,结合EDGAR的13种不同类型人为化石源CO2通量和CarbonTracker的植被NEE数据,评估了WRF-STILT拉格朗日大气传输模型的模拟能力.结果表明,WRF-STILT模型能够很好地模拟出高塔100m处观测到的CO2浓度强季节和日变化特征,全年模拟的大气CO2浓度的均方根误差为10.6×10-6,相关系数为0.44(n=7784,P<0.001);生长季(6~9月)观测和模拟的浓度增加值线性拟合斜率为1.08(R=0.52,P<0.001),说明一致性高;截距为7.26×10-6则反映了使用人为化石燃烧的CO2通量的高估或者植被NEE的低估.2008年全年高塔观测到的CO2浓度增加值为4.83×10-6,小于模拟得到化石燃烧贡献的增加量6.61×10-6与植被NEE的贡献值3.23×10-6之和.其中原油生产和提炼以及能源工业分别贡献了化石燃料燃烧总量的2.55×10-6(38.6%)和1.43×10-6(21.6%).而对生长季观测到的强CO2浓度日变化特征模拟结果显示,其模拟的平均日振幅为24.30×10-6;生物质燃烧产生的CO2浓度贡献值为0.06×10-6,相对于植被NEE和化石源的贡献,可以被忽略.该方法可为将来应用高塔衡量气体浓度观测来反演中国区域尺度的温室气体通量提供参考.

英文摘要：

By using high spatial and temporal resolution EDGAR fossil emissions(13categories)and Carbon Tracker NEE flux,WRF-STILT model was evaluated with one year(2008)CO2concentration observations at a homogeneous agricultural underlying surface,which located in U.S.corn belt.The results showed that this model could capture the strong seasonal and daily variation,with RMSE be10.6×10-6,R=0.44(n=7784,P<0.001).The linear regression slope of growing season concentration enhancement was1.08(R=0.52,P<0.001),indicating high consistency,while the intercept(7.26×10-6)reflects the overestimation of fossil emission or underestimation of NEE.During this year round,observed enhancement was4.83×10-6,smaller than sum of the fossil enhancement contribution(6.61×10-6)and NEE contribution(3.23×10-6).The oil production and refineries and energy industry contributed2.55×10-6(38.6%)and1.43×10-6(21.6%)of all fossil enhancements,separately.Biomass burning only contributes0.06×10-6to the total enhancement which was ignorable compared with fossil and NEE.At the end,it can be concluded that this method can be used to retrieve regional scale greenhouse gas flux in China.