中文摘要：

采用双列杂交方法对华贵栉孔扇贝三种壳色（桔黄色、枣褐色、紫褐色）的遗传规律进行了研究。结果显示,桔黄色♂×枣褐色♀和桔黄色♂×紫褐色♀的子代均全部表现为桔黄色,桔黄色♀×枣褐色♂和桔黄色♀×紫褐色♂的子代壳色比例分别为桔黄色：枣褐色=1：1和桔黄色：紫褐色=3：1,表明桔黄色对枣褐色和紫褐色均为显性,且不存在母性遗传;在桔黄色♂×桔黄色♀的两个家系中,一个家系的子代全部表现为桔黄色,另一个家系的子代中桔黄色：枣褐色约为3：1,表明第1家系有一个亲本为显性纯合,第2家系2个亲本均为杂合;在枣褐色♂×枣褐色♀和紫褐色♂×紫褐色♀两个家系中,其子代分别全部表现为其亲本的颜色,表明枣褐色和紫褐色个体均为隐性纯合体。实验所设各家系子代壳色均表现出了与亲本相同的颜色,表明华贵栉孔扇贝的壳色属质量性状,能够稳定遗传,并非由环境决定,对华贵栉孔扇贝壳色的选育有效。

英文摘要：

Diallel cross method was used to study the inheritance of 3 shell colors （orange, brown and purple-brown） in Chlamys nobilis. The results showed that the shell colors of offspring for crosses orange ♂× brown ♀ and orange ♂× purple-brown ♀ were all orange; in the offspring from crosses brown ♂× orange ♀ and purple-brown ♂× orange ♀, separation ratio of the shell color were orange ： brown = 1 ： 1 and orange ： purple-brown = 3 ： 1 respectively, indicating that orange shell color was dominant over brown and purple-brown shell color, and no maternal inheritance occurred. In the two families from cross orange ♂× orange ♀, offspring of one family were all orange shell color, and for the offspring of the other family color separation ratio approximately orange ： brown = 3 ： 1. This showed that in the first family one parent was dominant homozygous, while in the other family two parents were all heterozygous. In the two families from crosses brown ♂× brown ♀ and purple-brown ♂× purple-brown ♀, the offspring all had the same shell color as their respective parents, indicating all parents with brown shell or purple-brown shell were recessive homogeneous. The fact that shell color of offspring for each family set up in the experiment had the same color as their parents suggested that the shell color was qualitative character. Selection of shell color was effective for the scallop.