中文摘要：

为创制稳定遗传的甘蓝型油菜—菘蓝二体附加系,以花粉育性很低、在甘蓝型油菜品种华双3号（2n=38,AACC）上附加一条菘蓝（2n=14,Ⅱ）特定染色体（g）的单体附加系（2n=39,AACC＋Ⅱg）为父本,与正常的华双3号杂交,产生正常油菜胞质的单体附加系、经自交获得二体附加系（2n=40,AACC＋1Ⅱg）。该二体附加系的细胞学及基因组原位杂交观察表明,花粉母细胞减数分裂中染色体配对与分离基本正常,在终变期形成20个二价体,后期I进行20∶20的均等分离;第二次分裂中形成正常的四分体及四个子细胞,花粉的育性较高,自交结实好,产生的后代均携带菘蓝染色体。但也在少部分的花粉母细胞内出现菘蓝或油菜的落后染色体。该细胞学行为较稳定、育性较高的甘蓝型油菜—菘蓝二体附加系为菘蓝遗传研究及油菜育种研究提供了新材料。

英文摘要：

To develop cytologically stable disomic alien additions between Brassica napus（ Huashuang 3）（ 2n= 38,AACC） and Isatis indigotiga（ 2n = 14,II）,the cultivar Huashuang 3 was pollinated by one such monosomic addition carrying one specific chromosome of I. indigotiga but with very low pollen fertility caused by male sterile cytoplasm. The disomic addition（ 2n = 40,AACC ＋ 1IIg） with normal cytoplasm of B. napus was obtained by crossing Huashuang 3 with this alien chromosome. The cytological and genomic in situ hybridization（ GISH） analyses for this addition showed the main normal chromosome pairing（ 20 bivalents） and segregation（ 20∶ 20） during meiotic divisions of pollen mother cells,resulting in the high pollen fertility,seed- set and the progenies with alien chromosomes. But lagging chromosomes also occurred at low frequency during meiosis. This relatively stable disomic addition provided novel material for genetic study of this medicinal plant as well as for Brassica breeding.