中文摘要：

当前,学界对于人口迁移是否属于适应气候变化的策略有正反两方面的观点。赞成者认为,迁移可以改善移民的生产生活条件和迁出地的生态环境;迁移是移民的生计策略;迁移带来的收入有利于迁出地的社区和家庭适应气候变化。反对者认为,气候变化引起的迁移是应对气候变化的失败,需要采取控制措施;迁移的结果通常是不理想的;强制性违背了受影响人口的意愿;迁移并不是在任何时候都适用的策略。通过对我国气候移民实践的分析发现：气候变化影响人口迁移动因,具有多元性,包括个体与家庭、政府干预和外部环境因素;迁移形式具有多样性,包括自发性、激励性和强制性等;在适应气候变化措施中,迁移与工程、技术性措施同等重要;迁移效果是非线性的,取决于移民政策与规划的制定、资源的整合与互济、工程的实施与管理、政府的移民理念等。为了更好地适应气候变化,需要将气候移民纳入适应气候变化战略规划、强化气候变化风险管理、为人口迁移与安置创造条件,逐步规范和完善迁移与安置政策与行动。

英文摘要：

Currently,whether the migration strategies are adaptation measures to climate change have both positive and negative views.Proponents believe that migration can improve production and living conditions of migrants and improve origin village ecological environment;migration is livelihood strategy;migration brings revenue to origin village in favor of communities and families to adapt to climate change.Opponents argue that migration caused by climate change is a failure to address climate change;the result of migration is often not ideal;contrary to the wishes of the affected population;migration is not applicable at all times strategy.The dispute focal are the characteristic of migration,substitutability of engineering and technical measures adapted to climate change and effects of migration.The practice of Chinese climate migration suggests,there are many factors induces climate migration,including individual and family factors,government intervention and the external environment;migration have diverse forms,including spontaneous,incentive and mandatory migration;migration and engineering,technical measures are equally important climate change adaptation measures;the effect of migration is nonlinear,depending on the development of immigration policy and planning,resource integration and Freemasons,implementation and management of resettlement project,the Government＇s immigration ideas and many other factors.In order to better adapt to climate change,adapt to climate change Climate strategic planning should include Climate immigrants,strengthen risk management,to create conditions for migration and resettlement,and gradually standardize and improve migration and resettlement policies and actions.