中文摘要：

力学训练可促进心肌细胞的连接和排列，是体外构建功能性心肌组织必不可少的手段。针对目前体外力学训练方法单一的现状，模拟正常心肌组织的受力状态设计制造了体外二维力学训练机构，并对采用铸型法构建的组织工程心肌片层进行周期性二维拉伸训练；采用有限元方法对训练过程中心肌片层的变形和受力状态进行模拟，并与组织学和细胞形态检测结果进行对比；通过试验结果及理论计算，证明二维力学训练对细胞连接和排列的促进作用，研究影响细胞生长的力学因素。结果表明，体外周期性二维力学训练可以促进心肌片层中细胞间的相互连接和定向排布，拉伸过程中的应力方向与大小直接影响片层中细胞的排列特征，外力达到一定值后能明显促进心肌细胞的定向排列，且细胞排列的方向与应力方向一致。

英文摘要：

Mechanical training can promote the connectivity and alignment of cardiac myocytes, and is indispensable means for engineering functional myocardial tissue in vitro. As there only exists simple mechanical training method, a two-dimensional mechanical training device is designed and fabricated by mimicking the strain of native myocardium. A tissue engineered cardiac patch is fabricated by using casting method and subjected two-dimensional cyclical stretch training with the training device. The deformation and stress statement of cardiac patch during the training process are simulated by using finite element method. Histology and cell morphology results are analyzed and compared with simulation results. Compared with the experimental and theoretical results, the promoter action of cell connectivity and alignment by two-dimensional mechanical training is approved, and mechanical factors that effect the cell growth are studied. The results demonstrate that cell connectivity and cell alignment in the cardiac patch can be improved by two-dimensional cyclical mechanical training in vitro. The direction and value of tensile stress directly impact the cell alignment in the cardiac patch. When external force reaches a certain value, cardiac myocytes orientation alignment is significantly improved and cells align with the stress direction.