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中文摘要：
通过研究过去三十年间科学家在我国三大国家科技计划——支撑计划、863计划、973计划政策过程中的作用变迁,本文从自治水平和权力授予两个维度区分了决策过程中科学家的六种角色。研究采用量化描述与案例分析相结合的方法,揭示了科技计划决策中的科学家角色变迁,并解释国家科技战略、科学家角色及科技计划产出之间的互动关系。研究发现,国家战略重点转变中的增量部分影响了行政部门在决策结构上对科学家角色的调整,并得到了科技计划产出的快速相应。这种变化在响应增量的同时却在一定程度上忽略了长期目标。本文最后提出了我国创新驱动战略下完善科技计划决策机制的政策建议。
英文摘要：
By studying the evolutionary role of scientists in the decision making process of three key National Science and Tech- nology Programs ： the Zhicheng Program, the 863 Program, and the 973 Programsin the past 30 years, we classify the role of the non - government scientists over time into six categories based on the dichotomyof political authority and scientific autonomy. We use quantitative metrics and qualitative eases to reveal the evolutionary role of scientists and its interaction with national science and technology strategy, and program outputs. Our study found out that theincremental changes in national strategic prioritiesinflu- enced the institutional setting of scientists in decision - makingand led to a fast correspondenceby program outputs. However, this mayignores some long - term goals. Finally, this study suggests a few ways of improving the decision - making mechanismunder the circumstances of the innovation - driven strategy.
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