中文摘要：

实验室实验在土壤层的不同顺序和厚度被进行调查效果分层组织上，从一个表面点弄湿模式和水和硝酸盐分布上的土壤在应用程序率和应用体积的各种各样的联合下面采购原料。三分层土包括 sandy-over-sandy 沃土(SL ) ，沙的 loam-over-sandy (LS ) ，和沙的 loam-sandy-sandy 沃土(LSL ) ，和二一致土壤(一致砂壤土和一致砂质土) 被测试。在实验，申请率从 5.7 ～ 12.1 L 从 0.69 ～ 3.86 L h-1 和应用体积被改变。试验性的结果证明弄湿的模式和水和硝酸盐分布被土壤层的顺序和厚度极大地影响以及应用程序率和卷适用。在分层土存在的一个接口，是否 fine-over-coarse 或 coarse-over-fine，有向下限制水运动并且增加水平水的一个普通特征运动。为 LS 和 LSL 的 fine-over-coarse 分层土，水和硝酸盐一致地在最高的层土壤在给定的深度被散布。为 SL 的 coarse-over-fine 分层土，然而，水在接口和更低的硝酸盐集中的一个地区下面在潜水艇层土壤积累了被观察。水分发模式上的申请率的效果依赖于土壤压条。为比为制服，土壤被发现的 fine-over-coarse 分层土(LS 和 LSL ) 的水分发上的申请率的次要的影响。为了通过选择有更小的应用的 emitters 获得更大的弄湿的深度，评估土壤，它是在为一件制服的系统设计的一个普通方法，不能必然被申请分层土。硝酸盐分发的大小证明那硝酸盐为制服和分层土向弄湿的体积的边界积累了。这建议最佳的管理的重要性因为硝酸盐产生从由 fertigation 的管理错误的根地区的运动，滴 fertigation。从这研究获得的信息在一个 drip fertigation 系统的设计，操作，和管理是有用的。

英文摘要：

Laboratory experiments were conducted in different sequence and thickness of the soil layers to investigate the effects of layered-textural soils on wetting patterns and water and nitrate distributions from a surface point source under various combinations of application rate and applied volume. Three layered soils, including a sandy-over-sandy loam （SL）, a sandy loam-over-sandy （LS）, and a sandy loam-sandy-sandy loam （LSL）, and two uniform soils （a uniform sandy loam and a uniform sandy soil） were tested. In the experiments, the application rate was varied from 0.69 to 3.86 L h^-1 and the applied volume from 5.7 to 12.1 L. The experimental results demonstrated that the wetting patterns and water and nitrate distributions were greatly affected by the sequence and thickness of soil layers as well as the application rate and volume applied. An interface existing in the layered soils, whether a fine-over-coarse or a coarse-over-fine, had a common feature of limiting downward water movement and of increasing horizontal water movement. For the fine-over-coarse layered soils of LS and LSL, water and nitrate were uniformly distributed at a given depth in the top layer soil. For a coarse-over-fine layered soil of SL, however, water accumulated in the sublayer soil underneath the interface and a zone of lower nitrate concentration was observed. The effect of application rate on water distribution pattern was dependent upon soil layering. A minor influence of application rate on water distribution for the fine-over-coarse layered soils （LS and LSL） than for the uniform soils was found. To obtain a greater wetted depth through selecting the emitters having a smaller application rate, which is a common method in the system design for a uniform soil, may not be necessarily applied for the layered soils. Measurements of nitrate distribution showed that nitrate accumulated toward the boundary of the wetted volume for both the uniform and the layered soils. This suggests the importance of optimal management o