以大班、一年级和三年级儿童为对象,考察儿童对欺骗的识别、评价及运用的发展特征,并考察儿童的欺骗能力与心理理论、观点采择能力、言语交流能力和意图理解能力的关系。结果发现:(1)5岁后多数儿童能够成功地区分谎言与真话,欺骗识别能力的发展已较为成熟;(2)儿童对黑谎的评价能力与年龄及言语交流能力存在显著相关;(3)儿童对白谎的评价与儿童的年龄、心理理论、观点采择能力及言语交流能力存在显著相关;(4)儿童欺骗的运用与儿童的年龄、心理理论、观点采择能力及言语交流能力存在显著相关。
This study chose the children in kindergarten, the first grade and the third grade as the subjects, explored the influencing factors of identification, evaluation and application of children deception. Results showed that: (1) after the age of 5, most children can successfully distinguish lies with the truth, the identification of children deception has been more mature; (2)the identification of black lie is related to age and receptive vocabulary level; (3) the identification of white lie is related to age, theory of mind, social perspective-taking ability and receptive vocabulary level; (4) the application of children deception is related to age, the theory of mind, social perspective-taking ability and receptive vocabulary level.