中文摘要：

【目的】建立以灌溉净效益最大为目标的优化配水模型，为灌区优化配水提供新思路。【方法】以西安市周户灌区为研究对象，立足于寻求作物种植面积一水量一产量一经济效益之间的最优关系，建立以灌溉净效益最大为目标的优化配水模型，并利用混沌人工鱼群算法进行求解。【结果】利用所建立的以灌溉净效益最大为目标的优化配水模型进行优化后，灌区总供水量为12711.44万m^3,，较常规配水量增加了1402.67万m^3，其中地表供水较常规配水量增加了1510.67万m^3，地下水供水量有所减少；通过作物不同时段分配水量及种植面积的协调，灌区净效益增加了16.37％，粮经比为1：1.21。【结论】以灌溉净效益最大为目标对灌区配水进行优化后，灌区配水过程更加均匀，同时灌区作物种植结构也得以优化和调整。

英文摘要：

[Objective] This study established an optimal allocation model for water resources with maximum net irrigation benefit to provide new ideas for water resources allocation in irrigated areas. [Method] Using the Zhouhu irrigated area as study object,a water resources optimal allocation model for irrigated area was built based on the optimal relationship among crop acreage-water-production-economy. It was also solved using the chaotic artificial fish swarm algorithm. [Result] The total amount of irrigated water optimized by the established model was 12 711.44 × 104 m3 ,increased by 1 402.67× 104 m3 compared to conventional water distribution amount. Surface water was increased by 1 510.67 × 104 m3 while underground available water was decreased slightly. Based on coordination between water quantity in different periods and acreages,irrigation net benefit was increased by 16.37% and the grain to economy ratio was 1 ： 1.21. [Conclusion] After optimal water resources allocation with maximum net irrigation benefit in Zhouhu irrigated area,water distribution process was more uniform. At the same time,crop planting structure was optimized and adjusted.