中文摘要：

氧化锌是一种新型的Ⅱ-Ⅵ族直接带隙宽禁带半导体材料，室温下其禁带宽度为3．37eV，对应于波长为387nm的紫外光，室温下的激子束缚能较大（60meV），确保其在室温下可以产生高效率的激子发射，因此它在光学材料、气敏材料、压敏器件以及光电器件领域都具有广泛的应用前景．ZnO纳米粒子的合成已有较多报道，可以制备棒状、球状、椭圆状和管状等形貌可控的ZnO纳米粒子，受到了人们的广泛关注．

英文摘要：

ZnO nano-powders was prepared on the surface of exfoliated kaolinite （with the precursor solution of ZnAc2· 2H20 and ammonia） via microwave heating hydrolysis method, the nanocrystalline ZnO was characterized by using XRD, FTIR, TEM and their formation mechanism was proposed. The results indicate that the products are composed of hexagonal-phased ZnO. The morphology of ZnO is rod-like without exfoliated kaolinite （length is 100--200 nm, diameter is 50-80 nm） as well as is cluster whisker-like in the presence of exfoliated kaolinite（length is 200-350 nm, diameter is 40--60 nm）. The infrared absorption of the latter was enhanced apparently. The formation mechanism of the nanocrystalline ZnO synthesized by this method was also suggested.