目的探讨前列腺永久植入性近距离治疗(PPB)在改善局限高危前列腺癌(PCa)患者生存预后方面的临床意义。方法回顾性总结接受放疗(RT)联合全雄激素阻断治疗(MAB)的320例局限高危PCa患者的临床资料,分析生存预后因素,并对比PPB对肿瘤预后事件的差异影响。结果全组患者中位随访时间90(12~186)个月,117例(36.6%)患者接受了MAB联合外照射治疗(EBRT),203例(63.4%)患者接受了MAB+EBRT+PPB治疗。多因素分析显示:腺体体积、是否联用PPB、T分期、Gleason评分、基线PSA、高危标准的数量以及PSA动力学特点是总体生存率(OS)和无生化复发生存率(BRFS)的独立预后因素,MAB治疗方式仅是BRFS的独立预后因素。与MAB+EBRT相比,联用PPB治疗组(MAB+EBRT+PPB)能够显著改善PSA动力学特点如下(均P〈0.05):PSA最低值(1.3±0.7)μg/L与(0.11±0.06)μg/L、PsA下降时间(7.5±1.8)个月与(3.2±2.1)个月、PSA倍增时间(PSADT)为(15.6±4.2)与(22.6±6.1)个月、PSA最大降幅(84.6±6.2)%与(95.8±3.4)%。此外,联用PPB治疗后:中位OS延长3.2年(9.1、12.3年,P〈0.001),PSA生化复发的中位时间被延长3.3年(6.5、9.8年,P〈0.001),骨相关事件(SRE)发生的中位时间被推迟2.2年(8.2、10.4年,P〈0.001),接受细胞毒性药物化疗(CCT)的中位时间被推迟2.8年(8.8、11.6年,P=0.007)。结论RT+PPB是针对局限高危PCa患者非常有效的一种综合治疗方案,联用PPB能够进一步强化该方案对PSA动力学特点和肿瘤预后事件的有效控制。
Objective To investigate the oncologic outcome and PSA kinetics of localized high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with combination strategy of radiation therapy (RT) and maximal androgen blockade (MAB). Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 320 localized PCa patients undergoing RT + MAB from 2001 to 2015. And radiation treatment protocol consisted of permanent prostate brachytherapy (PPB) at 110 Gy and EBRT at 45 Gy/23 fractions. Results The median follow-up time was 90 (range: 12 -186) months. And 117 (36.6%) cases underwent MAB + external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT), and other 203 (63.4%) cases received MAB + EBRT + PPB. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that PSA kinetics were positive indicators of oncologic outcomes. Furthermore, PSA kinetics were aberrantly improved by supplemental PPB to MAB + EBRT as following, PSA nadir ( 1.3±0. 7 )μg/L vs ( 0. 11±0. 06 )μg/L, time of PSA decrease to nadir ( 7.5±1.8 ) months vs ( 3.2±2. 1 ) months, PSA doubling time ( 15.6±4.2) months vs ( 22. 6±6. 1 ) months, PSA decreasing amplitude (84. 6±6.2) % vs(95.8±3.4) %. AdditionaLly, the median time of several important oncologic events in MAB + EBRT + PPB group were also prolonged than that in MAB + EBRT group as following, overall survival ( 12. 3 years vs 9. 1 years, P 〈0. 001 ), biochemical recurrence-free survival (9. 8 years vs 6. 5 years,P 〈 0. 001 ), skeletal-related event ( 10. 4years vs 8.2 years, P 〈 0. 001 ), and cytotoxic chemotherapy ( 11.6 years vs 8.8 years, P = 0. 007 ). Conclusion MAB + EBRT + PPB is extremely effective combination strategy for localized high-risk PCa patients, and PPB plays the important synergistic role in improving PSA kinetics, which are independent predictor for oncologic outcomes.