中文摘要：

研究虚拟仪器通过以太网控制分布式数据采集嵌入式系统进行同步数据采集和实时数据传输。通过分析各采集单元的采集同步误差源，提出减小同步误差的方法；分析通用嵌入式数据采集系统同时实现数据采集和实时传输的难点，提出解决方案。在各采集系统中运用以太网、TCP／IP网络通信协议。通过对标准网络协议进行改进、简化，减小网络延时。提高系统网络速度和实时性。对系统的网络速度、可靠性、同步误差以及实时性的实验测试。验证了系统方案的可行性和对标准网络协议改进、简化的有效性。

英文摘要：

The synchronization and real-time transmission of the distributed data acquisition＇s embedded systems controlled by virtual instruments through Ethernet are studied. The methods of reducing the synchronization errors are proposed by analyzing the error sources. The schemes are developed through analyzing the difficulties of realizing data acquisition and real-time transmission simultaneously on general embedded data acquisition system. The delay time of the system is shortened and the network speed and real-time performance are improved by modifying and simplifying the standard Ethernet and TCP/IP protocols which used in each data acquisition system. The feasibility of the system project and the validness of the simplification and modification on the standard protocols are demonstrated by the experimental results on the network speed, reliability, synchronization errors and real-time performance.