扶贫瞄准是精准扶贫的前提。文章基于34个国家扶贫工作重点县数据,通过构建扶贫工作重点县贫困对象瞄准缺口指标、扶贫项目贫困人口瞄准精度指标和扶贫资金瞄准时序指标,对西部A省农村扶贫瞄准精准度问题进行了研究。研究表明:A省民族和非民族地区扶贫工作重点县贫困人口识别存在一定程度的漏出和渗入;扶贫项目贫困农户瞄准精度逐年降低,贫困人口瞄准精度较低且漏出比例高;扶贫资金投放时序存在错位,但民族地区扶贫资金投放时序优于非民族地区。缺乏有效的扶贫瞄准机制是县级扶贫瞄准效率低下的关键。基于此,文章构建了扶贫主体与贫困对象有效互动的参与式县级扶贫瞄准机制,以期能够厘清扶贫瞄准规律,提高挟贫瞄准精准度。
Poverty targeting is the premise of accurate poverty alleviation. Based on the statistical data of 34 national poverty counties and by building the poverty gap index of the poverty targeting, poverty alleviation project aiming accuracy index and poverty alleviation funds aimed at timing indicators, this paper studies the problems of the rural poverty alleviation targeting in A province .Research shows that: there is a certain degree of leakage and infiltration in A province's poor identification. The targeting of the poverty alleviation project for Poor peasant households reduced year by year and the ow precision and poor leakage ratio is high. Counties in poverty alleviation funds available sequence exists dislocation, but poverty alleviation funds on the timing is better than that of the ethnic minority areas in national regions. The lack of effective poverty alleviation aiming mechanism is the key to the problem. Based on this, this article constructs the main body and object of poverty for poverty alleviation mechanism of effective interactive participatory poverty alleviation aiming at the county level, in order to clarify the poverty alleviation aiming at law, improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation aiming at the county level.