中文摘要：

以缺电子的1，2，4．三氮唑衍生物作为拉电子结构单元（A），以富电子的噻吩或苯并二噻吩衍生物作为推电子结构单元（D），通过Stille偶联聚合的方法，合成了三种主链型D．A（推-拉电子结构）的交替共聚物PT-TZ，PB．TZ和PB．TTZT．不同富电子结构单元可使其聚合物表现出不同的光物理性能和光伏性能．嵌入较多的噻吩单元，可有效增大聚合物主链的共轭长度，拓宽其吸收光谱，因此，聚合物PB．TTZT的光伏性能明显优于另外两种聚合物．以三种聚合物分别作为给体材料，以PC61BM作为受体材料，制备了聚合物太阳能电池（PSCs），其中，基于PB．TTZT的PSCs器件在AM1．5G模拟太阳光条件下的光电转换效率为1．18％．

英文摘要：

Polymer solar cells （PSCs） have attracted much attention due to their unique features, such as low cost, light weight, solution processibility, fast roll-to-roll production, and applications in large area flexible panels. High performance photovoltaic materials are usually low bandgap polymers, which are constructed as donor-acceptor （D-A） alternating co- polymers, in order to better absorb solar energy. In the current work, three D-A conjugated polymers incorporating 1,2,4-triazole derivative as electron-withdrawing units and thiophene or benzo[1,2-b：4,5-b＇]dithiophene as electron-donating units have been synthesized. Their chemical structures of the corresponding intermediates and the polymers were confirmed with IH NMR, GC-MS or MALDI-TOF. All the polymers are readily dissolved in chloroform, THF, and toluene at room temperature, and the heat resistance and thermal stability of the three polymers are good enough for the application of PSCs. In chloroform solution, polymer PT-TZ shows only a absorption peak at 384 nm corresponding to the intramolecular charge transfer （ICT） interaction between thiophene unit and 1,2,4-triazole derivative. Whereas, polymers PB-TZ and PB-TTZT show three absorption peaks. The absorption peaks of PB-TZ and PB-TTZT in the UV region are attributed to the absorption of 1,2,4-triazole. Those in the visible region are ascribed to the n-~t＊ transition derived from the polymer backbone and the ICT interaction respectively. Compared with PT-TZ and PB-TZ, the maximum absorption peak （2m~,） of PB-TTZT is obvi- ously red-shifted because of extending thiophene units in the conjugated main chain which increases effective conjugation of the main chain and broadens the absorption band. The highest occupied molecular orbital （HOMO） energy levels of three polymers are lower than --5.2 eV and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital （LUMO） energy levels of them are higher than --3.8 eV, so these polymers are promising candidates for the effective applications of PSCs. Th