中文摘要：

采用室内120d培养方法，研究了不同浓度（10、25、50和100mmol／L）的草酸、柠檬酸和乙酸对温带典型森林类型（白桦天然次生林、红松人工林、落叶松人工林和枫桦红松原始林）土壤有机磷含量和矿化的影响。结果表明：红松人工林A层土壤以无机磷为主，白桦天然次生林、落叶松人工林和枫桦红松原始林以有机磷为主，占全磷50％以上，3种酸显著改变了落叶松人工林土壤中有机磷所占的比例。培养0～30d有机磷矿化速率最大，有机酸处理下有机磷矿化量（AM）和矿化速率（MR）显著提高（P〈0．05），有机酸浓度10mmol／L时，白桦天然次生林中，柠檬酸处理下AM和MR最大；红松人工林土壤中，草酸处理下AM和MR最大；落叶松人工林和枫桦红松原始林中，乙酸处理下AM和MR最大。有机酸浓度高于10mmol／L，乙酸处理下4种林型下土壤AM和MR最大，尤其是红松人工林土壤有机磷含量变化和矿化激发效应最强，使其MR提高60．84％。随酸浓度的增加，有机磷AM和MR增加，然而有机磷含量却减小。培养30～120dAM和MR随有机酸浓度增加而减小，随酸种类和酸浓度之间的差异而减小，累积矿化率（CMR）在整个培养周期内一直增加，酸的浓度不再是限制土壤有机磷含量变化的主要因素，有机酸的酸化作用、羟基和羧基数量对有机磷矿化影响微弱。

英文摘要：

The effects of different concentrations （10,25,50 and 100 mmol/L） of oxalic acid, citric acid and acetic acid on soil organic phosphorus and mineralization in different stand types （natural birch secondary forest, Pinus koriensis plantation, larch plantation and virgin Betula costata-P, koriensis forest） of typical temperate forest were studied by using 120-day indoor incubation methods. The results showed that inorganic phosphorus was dominant in A layer soil in P. koriensis plantation, but organic phosphorus was dominant in the other 3 stands and accounted for more than 50% of total phosphorus. Three types of acids significantly changed the proportion of organic phosphorus in the larch plantation soil. The mineralization rate of organic phosphorus was the maximum after 0-30 days incubation, amount of organic phosphate mineralization（AM） and mineralization rate （MR） were significantly increased under the organic acid treatment（P 〈0.05 ）. When organic acid concentration was 10 mmol/L, AM and MR were the highest in birch natural secondary forest soil under the citric acid treatment,in P. koriensis plantation soil under the oxalic acid treatment, in larch plantation and virgin B. costata-P, koriensis forest under the acetic acid treatment, respectively; when organic acid concentration was higher than 10 mmol/L, AM and MR were the highest in all forest soil under the acetic acid treatment, particularly its priming effect on the mineralization of soil organic phosphorus was strongest in P. koriensis plantation, increased MR by 60. 84%. With the acid concentration increasing, AM and MR increased, but organic phosphorus decreased. During 30-120 days of incubation, with the acid concentration increasing, the difference in AM and MR between the acid types and between their concentrations would decrease, CMR would increase during the whole incubation period, the acid concentration was not the major factor limiting the change of soil organic phosphorus, and the acidification and the number of hydroxyl