中文摘要：

针对基于相位匹配原理的最小二乘法（LSMSPM）无法估计具有相同中心频率的窄带入射源的波达方向问题，提出了最小残差法（MRM）的方向估计方法。首先将阵列接收信号转换到频域，在中心频点处将相位匹配后的数据模型转换为估计频谱参数的线性方程组，采用加权最小二乘法解该方程组，以残差平方和的倒数作为MRM方法的方向估计算子。MRM方法提高了LSMSPM方法的方向估计性能，相同中心频率的等功率窄带双源入射时其角度分辨能力优于常规波束形成方法。

英文摘要：

A minimum residual method （MRM） is presented for improving the performance of the least mean square method based on signal phase matching （LSMSPM） which can not estimate the direction of arrival （DOA） in the case of multiple narrowband sources with the same center frequency. The sensor outputs are first transformed to the frequency domain. Then the data model at the center frequency is transformed to a linear equation for estima- ting the spectrum after the phase compensation. After solving the linear equation with the weighted least square method, the reciprocal of the square summation of the residual is taken as the DOA estimator of the MRM. The MRM improves the DOA estimation performance of the LSMSPM, and its resolution ability is superior to that of the conventional beamforming in the case of two equal power sources with the same center frequency.