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中文摘要：
基于空气动力学和多体系统动力学理论,研究桥梁上高速列车的侧风运行安全性。研究远场气象风速与距轨面4 m高、距迎风侧轨道中心线3.8 m远处的高速列车大风监测点的风速的关系;分析侧偏角和桥梁高度对高速列车气动载荷特性的影响;将气动载荷作为外加载荷作用于高速列车动力学模型上,分析桥梁上高速列车的运行安全性,给出高速列车在桥梁上的运行安全域。研究表明,大风监测点处的风速与气象风速成正比关系,且比例系数随着桥梁高度的增加而增大。对于10 m及10 m以上高度的桥梁,当车速一定时,只要大风监测点处的风速相同,高速列车的气动力系数、气动力矩系数和安全指标均与桥梁高度基本无关;对于10 m以下高度的桥梁,当车速一定时,仅由大风监测点处的风速无法确定出高速列车在不同高度桥梁上的气动力系数、气动力矩系数和运行安全指标,必须考虑桥梁高度的影响。当采用大风监测点的风速作为参考风速时,高速列车在低桥梁上运行比在高桥梁上运行偏于危险,应以低桥梁上高速列车的运行安全性来制定铁路沿线不同高度桥梁上高速列车的运行安全域。
英文摘要：
The running safety of high-speed trains under crosswinds is studied based on theories of the aerodynamics and multi-body system dynamics.The connection between the distant meteorological wind speeds and the wind speeds at the monitoring point of the high-speed trains which is 4 m high above the track surface and 3.8 m far away from the center of the windward track is studied.The effects of slip angles and bridge heights on the aerodynamic load characteristics are analyzed.The aerodynamic loads are dealt with as the external loads on the train to analyze the running safety of high-speed trains on bridges and the running security domain of high-speed trains on the bridge are given.The results show that,the wind speeds at the monitoring point are proportional to the meteorological wind speeds,and the proportional factor increases with the increase of the bridge height.For a bridge whose height is no less than 10 m,when the vehicle speed is fixed and the wind speeds at the monitoring point are the same,the bridge height has little effect on the aerodynamic force coefficients,aerodynamic moment coefficients or the operational safety indicators of high-speed trains.If the height of the bridge is less than 10 m,the aerodynamic force coefficients,aerodynamic moment coefficients and the operational safety indicators can not be determined only by the wind speeds at the monitoring point,thus the effect of the bridge height can not be ignored.When the wind speeds at the monitoring point are taken as a reference,the high-speed trains running on a low bridge are more dangerous than those on a high bridge.Thus,the running security domain of high-speed trains running on bridges with different heights along the rail line should be established according to the safe operation on the low bridge.
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