中文摘要：

NLRP3炎症小体是细胞内固有免疫系统的感受器，是-类通过活化caspase-1来间接调控IL-18与IL-18的成熟和分泌的蛋白复合体。作为机体固有免疫及应激系统的重要防御成分，NLRP3炎症小体参与了多种疾病发生和进展。近年发现NLRP3炎症小体与肺部疾病关系密切。本文就NLRP3炎症小体的组成、活化机制及其在肺炎、肺结核、COPD及哮喘等肺部疾病中的研究作一综述。

英文摘要：

NLRP3 inflammasome is a class of protein complexes which regulates the maturation of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and IL-18 through activation of caspase-1. As part of the innate immune and stress defense system, NLRP3 inflammasome is participated in the occurenee and progression of many diseases. Recent studies have found that NLRP3 inflammasome has close relationship with pulmonary diseases. In this paper, the composition and the activation mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome and the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of pneumonia, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and asthma are reviewed.