中文摘要：

膜生物反应器（MBR）作为一种高效环保绿色无污染的新型废水处理资源化回用技术，其将传统活性污泥法和膜分离技术有机结合起来，具有常规污水处理方法所不具有的优势，广泛应用在废水处理的各个领域。文章对膜生物反应器的各种工艺结构类型及特点进行了研究，重点分析了不同MBRI艺在实际废水处理中的运行要素，探讨了膜污染的成因及控制措施，并展望了各种新型MBR工艺的应用前景。

英文摘要：

Membrane bioreactor （MBR） is an efficient technology, combining biological treatment with membrane separation process. Being widely used in various fields of wastewater treatment, MBR holds good advantages over traditional ways. The characteristics of different kinds of novel membrane bioreactors are investigated and the technological structure parameters of MBR concerning industrial application in wastewater treatment are studied. The key factors in MBR operation facing current challenges are emphatically analyzed. Furthermore, the cause formation and controlling measures of membrane fouling are discussed. The future development of novel MBR in wastewater treatment is prospected.