中文摘要：

目的 观察光诱导后的金丝桃素对日本血吸虫雄虫的体外杀伤作用。 方法 80只昆明小鼠经腹部皮肤感染由单只阳性钉螺逸出的日本血吸虫尾蚴60～80条，6周后剖检，收集雄虫置入含有3 ml DMEM培养液的平皿内（10条/皿）。每批次实验均分为：金丝桃素提取物或金丝桃素纯品（以下简称金丝桃素）不同浓度（0.1、0.2、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0和2.5 μmol/L）光照组以及不同浓度非光照组，二甲基亚砜（DMSO）对照组和空白对照组。各实验均重复2～5次。将金丝桃素提取物或金丝桃素纯品及DMSO液分别加入含有血吸虫的培养皿中，恒温避光共孵育6 h，再分别照射30、60、90和120 min后，37 ℃避光培养过夜（16 h）。次晨，洗涤、更换无药物新鲜培养液，继续避光培养48 h，观察光诱导后的金丝桃素对血吸虫的杀伤作用。选取1.0、2.5和5.0 μmol/L 金丝桃素光照60 min组虫体在解剖镜下观察并摄像；2.0 μmol/L金丝桃素光照60 min组虫体进行扫描电镜观察。 结果 各浓度金丝桃素纯品光照组的虫体均有不同程度的死亡，0.1 μmol/L金丝桃素纯品光照30 min组，虫体死亡率为20%；2 μmol/L金丝桃素纯品光照90 min组和2.5 μmol/L金丝桃素纯品光照60 min组，虫体均100%死亡。相应的金丝桃素纯品各浓度无光照组、DMSO对照组和空白对照组，虫体均100%存活。解剖镜下观察，1.0、2.5和5.0 μmol/L金丝桃素纯品光照60 min组虫体均出现显著的痉挛性麻痹现象，表现为不同程度的缩短卷曲、体态僵硬和活动终止等改变；扫描电镜观察，2.0 μmol/L 金丝桃素纯品光照60 min组虫体皮层出现肿胀、空泡形成、破裂、糜烂、剥落和感觉乳突丢失等损害，甚至皮层正常结构完全消失。金丝桃素纯品各浓度光照组的虫体死亡率和形态结构的损伤改变与金丝桃素浓度和光照时间有关。 结论 金丝桃素经光诱导后，具

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the in vitro effect of photoactivated hypericin on anti-Schistosoma japonicum adult male worms. Methods Kunming mice were infected with 60-80 Schistosoma japonicum single-sex cercariae. At 6 weeks post-infection, the mice were sacrificed and adult male worms of S. japonicum were collected. The worms were incubated in DMEM medium containing different concentrations of hypericin （0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 μmol/L） in the presence or absence of light. In photoactivated hypericin groups, after 6 h of dark incubation the worms were exposed to LED light irradiation（590 nm） for 30, 60, 90, and 120 min, respectively, and then cultured overnight in darkness（16 h）. In the next morning, the parasites were washed, resuspended in drug-free medium, and incubated in the dark for 48 h. These worms were observed with stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Results Photoactivated hypericin showed the ability to kill Schistosoma japonicum in vitro. The death rate was 20% in 0.1 μmol/L photoactivated hypericin group under 30 min irradiation, and 100% in 2 μmol/L under 90 min irradiation and 2.5 μmol/L under 60 min irradiation, respectively. In blank control group, DMSO control group, and hypericin groups without light irradiation, worms were alive. After 60 min irradiation, the worms in 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 μmol/L photoactivated hypericin groups showed spastic paralysis characterized by reduced body length, pronounced tight curl, body stiffness, and complete cessation of movement. Surface tegumental damages of adult worms in 2.0 μmol/L photoactivated hypericin group for 60 min irradiation were observed under SEM, such as vacuole formation, erosion and peeling of the tegument, collapse of the sensory papillae, and even the normal structure disappeared completely. Both death rate and morphological damage of the worms treated by photoactivated hypericin were positively correlated with hypericin dose and light irradiation time. Conclusion Photoactivated hypericin