中文摘要：

以氯化锌和氢氧化钠为原料,采用直接水解一步法制备了针状和球形纳米氧化锌。借助于XRD、TEM等测试手段,对纳米氧化锌粉体的制备条件和其对粒度、形貌的影响进行了分析研究。利用负离子配位多面体生长基元理论模型,解释了直接水解合成氧化锌纳米晶体的形成机理和生长习性。研究结果表明,一步法直接合成纳米氧化锌的结晶过程遵循溶解-结晶-聚集生长机理模型;ZnO为极性晶体,具有极性生长特性,其成核过程包括均相成核和非均相成核。

英文摘要：

Nano-ZnO with needle-shaped and spherical-shaped was prepared by using hydrolysis method directly, zinc chloride and sodium oxyhydrate as the starting materials. Different prepared conditions, microstructure and morphology of nano-ZnO were investigated by means of XRD and TEM. By using of growth units model theory of anion coordination polyhedron, the formation mechanism and growth characteristics of nano-ZnO crystalline synthesized by hydrolysis method directly were discussed. It was shown that the crystalline process of nano-ZnO synthesized by one-step method directly follows dissolution-crystaUization-aggregative growth mechanism model. The ZnO crystal is polar and possesses the characteristics of polar growth. Its process of crystal nucleus formation includes uniform and heterogeneous nucleation.