中文摘要：

基于能量理论建立淡水冰断裂破坏准则，认为冰达到断裂破坏极限时其破坏力最大，并以之来推算最大冰压力．通过讨论其适用性和适用范围以及将其应用于工程实际中，得到了符合实际的计算结果，从而为抗冰害设计提供理论支持和依据．

英文摘要：

fracture mechanics is considered that ice stress on structure reaches its maximum when it reaches the fracture failure limit. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to establish fracture failure criterion of freshwater ice by using energy theory, which can be to used to calculate the maximum of ice stress. The discussion of applicability and scope of application and its application in engineering practice, the calculation results accord with the actual, which provides the theoretical support and basis for the design of anti icing.