中文摘要：

目的探讨急性后循环梗死患者血管病变特点及与危险因素的相关性。方法收集南京卒中注册系统中自2007年1月至2010年6月首发急性后循环梗死患者337例的临床资料，患者均行CT血管造影、MR血管造影、数字减影全脑血管造影等相关检查，明确血管病变的部位和机制，并对其与危险因素的关系进行分析。结果本组337例急性后循环梗死患者中有血管病变者195例（57．9％），共394处，其中以椎动脉起始部病变最为常见，其次为椎动脉V4段、基底动脉、大脑后动脉等。后循环梗死患者最常见的危险因素是高血压（64．9％），其次为吸烟、糖尿病、饮酒、高同型半胱氨酸血症等。有血管病变患者中高血压患病率明显高于无血管病变患者，心脏疾病发生率明显低于无血管病变患者，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论我国后循环梗死患者中发生血管病变的比例较高，尤其是有高血压、糖尿病等危险因素的患者更有可能出现血管病变。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the cerebral vascular anomalies in patients with posterior circulation infarction and their risk factors. Methods The clinical data of 337 consecutive patients with first-onset of posterior circulation infarction, extracted from Nanjing Stroke Registry Program from January 2007 to June 2010, were collected. Computerized tomography angiography （CTA）, magnetic resonance imaging angiography （MRA） and digital subtraction angiography （DSA） were performed in all the patients to clarify the site of vascular anomalies and their mechanisms; and their relation with their risk factors were analyzed. Results One hundred and ninety-five patients with posterior circulation infarction （57.9%） had vascular anomalies with 394 lesions. There were 115 lesions in the ostial vertebral artery, 81 lesions in the V4 of vertebral artery, 49 lesions in the basilar artery and 47 lesions in the posterior cerebral artery. Hypertension （64.9%） was the most common risk factors in patients with posterior circulation infarction smoking, followed by diabetes mellitus, drinking, and hyperhomocysteinemia. In patients with vascular anomalies, patients with hypertension enjoyed significantly higher incidence of vascular anomalies than those without hypertension, while those with cardiac disease were not （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of posterior circular anomalies in patients with posterior circulation infarction is high, especially in the patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.