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改性小麦秸秆去除赤潮异弯藻的实验研究

期刊名称：环境科学，2010，31（2）：296-300
时间：0
分类：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]
作者机构：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,青岛266003, [2]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,青岛266071, [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029, [4]Laboratoire de Chimie Bacterienne, UPR9043,Institut de Microbiologie de la M~diterran6e, CNRS, Marseille, France, [5]中法生物矿化与纳米结构联合实验室,青岛266071
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目（40776094）;人类前沿国际科学计划项目（HFSP,RGP0035/2004-C）;中国科学院海外杰出学者基金项目（2006-1-15）;国家自然科学基金项目（40821004）
相关项目：我国典型海域生态系统演变过程与机制

关键词：趋磁细菌, 16S, RDNA序列分析, 系统发育, 地域分布, magnetotactic bacteria （MTB） , 16S rDNA sequence analysis , phylogeny analysis , geographical distribution

中文摘要：

通过对来自目前GenBank中趋磁细菌的16SrDNA序列分析，并进行系统进化树的构建，比较不同区域趋磁细菌的差异．目前，GenBank中共有239条趋磁细菌16SrDNA序列，相似性分析后有137条不同的序列（海洋55条，淡水82条），分属于变形菌门和硝化螺菌门．全长序列的系统进化分析显示，全球趋磁细菌的分布具有一定的区域性，海洋与淡水趋磁细菌区分明显．不同地域的趋磁细菌的系统进化分析显示，近海与大洋的趋磁细菌有明显的差别；而同为海洋或淡水的环境中，如巴西和美国近海、德国和中国的淡水湖泊，趋磁细菌相似性较高，即相同生境中的趋磁细菌相似性较高，表明趋磁细菌的类型与生境条件有很大关联性．基于16SrDNA序列分析，推测趋磁细菌起源可能是多源的，环境条件可能作为重要的进化压力在趋磁细菌长期演化过程中扮演重要角色．

英文摘要：

Magnetotactic bacteria （MTB） are widely distributed in aquatic environments. To assess the correlation between their evolutionary relatedness and geographic distribution, we analyzed 239 16S rDNA sequences available in the Genbank, and constructed phylogenetic trees based on the sequences. After elimination of redundant sequences by grouping those with identity 〉 97% into a single one, we analyzed in detail total 139 16S rDNA sequences, including 55 from marine MTB and 82 from freshwater sequences, and belonging to Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae. Phylogeny analysis based on those sequences suggests that the geographical distribution of MTB has certain regional distribution character： marine MTB is distinct from freshwater MTB, and off coast MTB are remotely related with ocean MTB. In contrast, the MTB from similar habitats, such as offshore in Brazil and the United States or freshwater lakes in Germany and China, are closely related. It is found that similar species have a large geographic distribution and tend to adopt the similar habitats, morphotypes of MTB and their living environment conditions have a significant relevance. This observation suggests that MTB may have multiple evolutionary origins. And also, it suggests the environmental conditions, as an important evolutionary pressure, play an important role in the long-term evolution of MTB.