中文摘要：

榆林地处农牧交错带,是研究环境演变和人地关系的理想地区。本文基于植硅体分析,探讨了该地区王阳畔遗址仰韶晚期至龙山早期过渡阶段的农业生产情况及农业对环境的适应等。遗址剖面及灰坑样品的植硅体分析表明：仰韶晚期,粟和黍是先民的主要粮食作物,而黍较粟始终保持着种植优势;龙山早期,粟作农业逐渐衰落。植硅体组合图谱显示,先民在此遗址活动期间,气候是略偏凉偏干的,整体上较为稳定,呈现出干凉化的趋势。综合来看,农业活动的强弱在一定程度上响应了环境的变化。需要指出的是,该遗址榆科植硅体的大量发现,不仅补充了史前植物利用史,同时也对丰富植硅体数据库具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

Located in the farming-pastoral zone in northwestern China, Yulin is an appropriate region for researching environmental changes and human-land relationships. Here we examine the phytolithic record at the Wangyangpan site to reconstruct developmental history of the agricultural economy and to explore the adaptive relationship of the agriculture to the environment from the Late Yangshao to the Early Longshan period. Analysis of phytolith samples from profi les and two pits indicates that different species of millet were the staple food crops cultivated during the Late Yangshao period while common millets（Panicum miliaceum） were superior to foxtail millets（Setaria italica）, and that farming declined during the Early Longshan period. Furthermore, it reveals that the climate was slightly cool and dry during archaeological occupation. In addition, abundant phytoliths of Ulmaceae discovered from this site enrich the history of prehistoric plant use in China.