中文摘要：

以探求法律效力来源问题在实证分析法学中的解答为目标,从哲学上的休谟难题开始阐发,试图通过对选取的几位分析法学家的理论分析,最终理解实证分析法学对于该问题的解答,并试图阐明：法律效力的来源应当是来自于法律体系的内部,即来自于法律自身。法律与道德不可分离的论断只会掩盖问题的实质,只有厘定法律的界限,才能有助于我们更加清晰地理解法律效力的来源,最终真正理解法律以及法律体系的内涵。

英文摘要：

Tunnel inrush of clay and water,which has become the key technology that needs to be solved for the construction of high risk karst tunnels,brings huge security risks and economic losses.On the basis of many examples of karst water inrush and sudden mud of tunnels,ground water,petrofabric,geological structure surface structures,attitude of rocks,deposition of ancient erosion surface,topography and geomorphology and rainfall were the main geological influence factors on water inrush and sudden mud.The response characteristics of karst water and unfavorable geological condition in the geophysical field have been researched.That is the particular type of precursor signal information when the seismic waves and electromagnetic waves encounter the karst water and unfavorable geological condition in its propagation process.The response characteristics of the karst aquifer and unfavorable geological body in the geophysical information field were interpreted.The precursor signal information that led to the disaster was recognized.This was successfully applied in the tunnel construction and was significant in the prediction of water inrush and sudden mud of tunnels.