中文摘要：

小行星数以百万计，有着千奇百怪的外形.无论是小行星自身长期演化、还是它们附近的绕飞物体，都有着奇特的动力学现象.介绍小行星研究现状和发展趋势，阐明影响小行星姿态轨道长期演化的重要作用||雅科夫斯基效应和YORP效应.概述小行星不规则引力场描述方法与其中复杂的周期轨道，尝试提炼其中的科学问题和研究方向.

英文摘要：

Millions of asteroids are in various shapes, which show unique dynamical phenomena, including theirown revolutions and the vicinal surrounding objects. This paper reviews the recent development of studies ofasteroids. Signiˉcant e?ects on the long-term evolution of asteroids' attitude and orbit are introduced, i.e., theYarkovsky e?ect and the YORP e?ect. Modeling methods of their irregular gravitational ˉelds are presentedas well as naturally periodic orbits in complex universal curves. Some basic problems and potential researchdirections are suggested.