中文摘要：

用半预聚体法合成了具有交联结构的聚氨酯耐磨材料。用红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱、透射电镜，X射线衍射等方法进行物理性能测试表明，不同铸模温度显著影响聚氨酯的外观透明度和耐磨性能，而发生这些变化的结构本质是加工条件和化学反应使组分不同的聚氨酯分子逐渐微相分离，形成亚微米级、微米级乃至十微米级的微区。这些微区彼此凝聚生成形状各异、结构复杂的颗粒。这些分散在透明聚氨酯介质中的组成不均匀颗粒数量增多、粒径增大是导致聚氨酯透明度变差的主要原因。

英文摘要：

The polyurethane material with cross-linked structure was synthesized using half pre-polymerization method. IR, UV-Vis, TEM and XRD methods, and physical properties measurements indicate that different moulding temperatures influence the apparent transparence of polyurethane and abrasive performance, and the nature of these changes is related to the conditions of process and chemical reaction which lead to gradual micro-phase .separation of the polyurethane molecules with different compositions, resulting in the domain-forming with the size of sub-micro-, micro- and even more than ten micro-meters. Such domains aggregate one another to form particles with different shapes and complicated structures. The increase in the amount and size of these heterogeneous particles, distributed in the medium of transparent polyurethane, is the main cause that brings on an opaque appearance of polyurethane.