随着我国计划经济体制向市场经济的转型,城市化进程加速,城市化时空格局演化成为城市发展研究的重要问题之一。本文主要采用遥感与GIS空间分析方法,利用1978年改革开放以来4个时相的遥感数据,通过城市扩展强度指数、圈层同心圆分析和扩展方向扇区分析,探讨转型期上海各时段城市化发展的空间扩展速度和水平、时空格局演化及其驱动力。研究表明:1)1979-2009年上海城市化面积增长幅度达1064%,城市用地占市域面积由3.95%增至42.22%,2000年后城市化进程加速增长;2)上海城市形态1979年呈"单核"团状分布,2000年发展到由中心城区、卫星城、郊区城镇和沿交通干道组成的"多核—多轴"多边形分布模式,到2009年城市形态呈现网络状大面积大都市化扩展模式,传统的中心城区和郊区连成一体;3)上海城市化发展驱动力具有政策和经济发展双重驱动特点,城市化扩展阶段性明显,不同时段、区域表现的城市化时空格局演化特征有所差异。
China's planned economy to a market economy,accelerate the process of urbanization,urban spatial and temporal patterns of evolution of urban development is one of the important issues.In this paper,using remote sensing methods,applying 4-phase remote sensing data(in1979,1990,2000 and 2009) after reform and opening in China in 1978,we discuss the development of Shanghai's urban spatial expansion speed and level,spatio-temporal pattern of urbanization evolution and its driving forces by urban expansion intensity index,concentric circle analysis and development direction of sector analysis,the period of transition.The results show that: ①From 1979 to 2009,urban land use of Shanghai up to 1064% increase in the area,percentage of urban land use from 3.95% to 42.22%,and accelerated growth of urbanization after the year 2000;②Shanghai Urban Pattern in 1979 was the "single-core" group-like distribution,in 2000 developed into a "multi-core-axis" polygon distribution patterns,which was formed by the central city,satellite towns,rural towns along major roads,and in 2009 showed network-like metropolitan expansion mode,where the traditional central city and suburban connection;③Shanghai driving forces of urbanization are characteristic of both policy-driven and economic development,urbanization expansion stage is evident,urban spatial and temporal pattern is of difference by district for different stage.