中文摘要：

活性阴离子聚合能够得到分子量及分布可控的模板聚合物，是环状、树枝状以及多臂星形等复杂拓扑结构聚合物的重要合成方法。高真空实验技术能够使反应环境彻底封闭、杜绝杂质影响从而得到更加精确的实验数据，因此成为活性阴离子聚合理论研究的重要手段。本文对基于高真空实验技术的活性阴离子聚合方法学研究进行了总结，通过多官能引发剂、“大单体”方法、定量化偶联方法、环状聚合物以及新型功能化聚合物合成以及活性阴离子至点击化学的转化等方面的简要介绍，基本阐述了近期国内外在高真空条件下的活性阴离子聚合研究方面的进展情况。

英文摘要：

Living anionic polymerization is the primary method to synthesize the polymers with complicated topological structure, such as cyclic, dendritic and miktoarm star polymers. High vacuum technique is a powerful tool for the theoretical researches because excellent experimental environment free from impurities can be obtained. The studies on methodologies of living anionic polymerization using high vacuum technique were summarized. Some aspects, such as multi-functional initiators, macro-monomer, iterative titration coupling method, synthesis of cyclic polymers and new type functionalized polymers and combination of anionic polymerization and click chemistry, were introduced.