中文摘要：

【目的】为更好地了解植物水通道蛋白盐胁迫下的调节作用,对小盐芥质膜内在蛋白Ts PIP1;1及液泡膜内在蛋白Ts TIP1;1在转基因水稻中的盐胁迫生理响应机制进行探究,旨在为水通道蛋白在耐盐作物分子改良育种中的应用提供理论支撑。【方法】以野生型（WT）与T3代转Ts PIP1;1及Ts TIP1;1基因水稻为材料,进行了水培试验,并设置了0、100、200 mmol/L Na Cl处理。处理一周后,分别测定水稻的光合参数、株高、生物量、相对含水量、失水率及钾、钠含量。【结果】在盐胁迫处理下,与野生型相比,转基因水稻的生物量和含水量明显增加,渗透势和失水率显著降低。转Ts PIP1;1及Ts TIP1;1基因水稻根部及地上部的Na^＋含量都显著降低,K^＋在转基因株系中的累积显著高于野生型,降低了体内Na^＋/K^＋比,并且能够保持更强的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率及水分利用效率。在200 mmol/L Na Cl处理下,与野生型相比,Ts TIP-5、Ts TIP-7及Ts PIP-19的株高分别高出8.2%、11.6%、4.9%;单株干重分别高出17.9%、23.9%、16.9%;地上部Na^＋/K^＋比分别降低24.3%、24.4%、24.8%;根部Na^＋/K^＋比分别降低29.6%、27.5%、32.4%;渗透势分别显著降低了18.3%、19.4%、30.3%;相对含水量分别增加了5.8%、5.5%、5.4%;净光合速率分别增加了50.4%、78.5%、56.2%。【结论】Ts PIP1;1及Ts TIP1;1增强了转基因水稻的光合呼吸作用,通过降低植物体内Na^＋/K^＋比,参与植物细胞的渗透调节,提高了细胞持水能力,促进转基因水稻的生长发育,增强了水稻的耐盐性。

英文摘要：

[ Objectives ] To better understand the regulatory roles of aquaporins in plants in response to salt stress and provide a theoretical support for the application of aquaporin genes in molecular breeding of salt tolerant crop, two aquaporins of Thellungiella salsuginea, plasma membrane intrinsic protein TsPIP1;1 and tonoplast intrinsic protein TsTIP1;1, were investigated by profiling the physiological responses in the transgenic rice under salt stress. [ Methods ] Wild type （WT） and T3 generations of the transgenic rice carrying the TsPIP1;1 and TsTIP1;1 were subjected to hydroponic solution with 0, 100 and 200 mmol/L NaC1 in greenhouse, respectively. After one-week＇s salt treatments, some important physiological parameters such as the photosynthetic rates, plant height, biomass, relative water contents, water loss rates and the contents of Na＋ and K＋ were determined. [ Results ] Under 200 mmol/L NaC1 treatment, compared with the wild type, thetransgenic rice exhibited higher biomass and relative water contents, and lower water loss rates and osmotic potentials, and demonstrated lower contents ofNa~ and higher contents of K~ in roots and shoots and thus leading to lower Na~/K＋ ratios. The transgenic rice maintained stronger net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency. Compared with the wild type, in 200 mmol/L NaC1 treatment, the shoot heights in the transgenic lines TsTIP-5, TsTIP-7 and TsPIP-19 were respectively increased by 8.2%, 11.6% and 4.9%, and plant dry weights were increased by 17.9%, 23.9% and 16.9%, while the Nat/K＋ ratios of shoots were reduced by 24.3%, 24.4% and 24.8%, and the NaVK＋ ratios of roots were decreased by 29.6%, 27.5% and 32.4%. The osmotic potentials were significantly depressed by 18.3%, 19.4% and 30.3%, the relative water contents were increased by 5.8%, 5.5% and 5.4%, and the net photosynthetic rates were increased by 50.4%, 78.8% and 56.2%. [ Conclusions ] The transgenic rice of carrying the TsPIP1;1 and TsTIP1;1 genes ha